IUD placed in a tube conductor. Mirena Birth Control is made up of white or nearly white hormonally elastomer core, located on the T-shaped body and covered with an opaque membrane, which regulates the release of levonorgestrel. T-shaped housing is provided with a loop on one end and two arms on the other. For a loop attached to the thread to remove the system. The system is free from visible impurities.
Clinical and pharmacological effects:
T-shaped intrauterine system, which after introduction into the uterus takes the hormone levonorgestrel directly into the uterus. The system is made T-shaped for the best adaptation to the shape of the uterus. The vertical part of T-shaped body is a cylinder containing the hormone. At the lower end of the vertical part is loop through which the two strands are attached to the remote system. The vertical part of T-shaped housing contains the hormone levonorgestrel, which is similar to one of the hormones produced by the body are women. Mirena levonorgestrel doses (not just a woman’s body that would cause negative side effects, but directly into the uterus, which effectively eliminates the ingress of the hormone in the blood, liver) with a constant speed, but in very small amounts (20 micrograms, ie, 20 millionth of a gram, per night). Mirena prevents pregnancy by regulating the development of endometrial monthly so that the shell does not reach sufficient thickness of pregnancy. At the same time thickens the mucous membrane of the cervical canal (the entrance to the womb), which prevents the movement of sperm into the uterus, preventing fertilization.
Indications:
Mirena IUD, used as a means of contraception (prevention of pregnancy), treatment of menorrhagia (abnormal menstrual bleeding) and to prevent endometrial hyperplasia (abnormal growths of the uterine lining) during estrogen replacement therapy.
The effectiveness of MIRENA:
On its effectiveness as a contraceptive, it is comparable to the sterilization of women and effective in today’s most popular copper-containing intrauterine devices and oral contraceptives (birth control pills). Studies (clinical trials) have shown that within a year for every 1,000 women using the IUD, there are only two cases of pregnancy. In women with excessive menstrual bleeding the system is a significant decrease in intensity after three months after the introduction of the uterus. Menstrual bleeding in some women at all stops.
Contraindications:
Reconciliation should not be used for any of the following conditions:
• Known or suspected pregnancy.
• Inflammation of the pelvic organs.
• Infections of the lower parts of the urinary tract.
• Postpartum endometritis (puerperal infection of the uterus).
• Infection in the uterus after an abortion in the previous 3 months.
• Cervicitis (infection of the cervix).
• Diseases accompanied by an increased sensitivity to infection.
• Vaginal bleeding of unknown
origin.
• Abnormalities of the cervix or uterus, including those due to fibroids, leading to deformation of the cavity.
• Acute illness or liver tumors.
• Cancer of the uterus or cervix or her suspicions to him.
• Cervical Dysplasia with atypia (cervical cell changes).
• Malignant tumors of the breast.
• Individual hypersensitivity to the MIRENA.
Precautions:
Spiral Mirena can be used with caution after consulting a specialist or your doctor may raise the question of the need to remove it, if you have or soon after the introduction of a
uterus for the first time there is one of the following pathological conditions:
• Migraine or asymmetrical reduction of vision.
• Unusually severe headache.
• Jaundice.
• Significant increase in blood pressure.
• Confirmed or presumptive diagnosis of hormone-dependent tumors.
• Severe cardiovascular system, including stroke and myocardial infarction.
Before the introduction of the system:
Before IUD insertion should be taken swab from the vagina, and if necessary other studies carried out, for example, aimed at identifying infections, including sexually transmitted diseases. To determine the position and shape of the uterus should be a gynecological examination.
When should I install MIRENA:
IUD can be inserted into the uterus, not later than seven days after the onset of menstrual bleeding. It can also be installed immediately after medical abortion with the doctor must be satisfied in the absence of genital infection. Navy can not be installed in less than six weeks after birth. It can be replaced by a new system at any time during the menstrual cycle. Mirena is not used as a contraceptive to be used after sexual intercourse. (Postkontratseptsiya)
How to install a spiral:
After receiving the results of pelvic exam is administered into the vagina a special tool, the so-called mirror and vaginal cervix treated with an antiseptic solution. Then, through a thin, flexible plastic tube into the uterus injected MIRENA. Introduction of the system can be felt, but it should not cause the patient severe pain. Some women experience pain and dizziness after the introduction of the system. If after a half-hour stay in a quiet position, these phenomena do not pass, it is possible that intrauterine system Mirena positioned. There should be a further gynecological examination, if necessary, the system is removed. Some women use IUDs can cause allergic reactions, skin localization.
Negative side effects:
Changes in normal menstrual bleeding pattern after the installation of a spiral is completely normal. Some of these changes may include spotting, lengthening or shortening of the period between periods, irregular intervals between bleeding, prolongation of the time period or a complete cessation of menstrual periods, heavy bleeding or pain during menstruation. During the period of MIRENA 12% of women were found ovarian cysts. It was reported the following side effects observed in 1-10% of women using the IUD, MIRENA: abdominal pain in the pelvic area or back pain, acne, fluid retention, weight gain, breast engorgement, headache, emotional instability, anxiety , depressed mood, vaginal discharge (leukorrhea), or inflammation of the cervical canal. In less than 1% of women were genital infections, decreased sex drive, hair loss, or excessive growth on the skin, itchy skin and less than 0.1% – migraine headaches, skin rashes, hives, eczema, or bloating. Similar negative side effects were noted when the Navy did not use as a contraceptive, and for hormone replacement therapy in combination with estrogen.
These side effects usually occur during the first months after the installation of an intrauterine system and gradually disappear with its prolonged use.
Other possible complications:
In case of failure of the method may cause ectopic pregnancy. While using the intrauterine system may experience inflammation of the pelvic organs, sometimes serious ones. Increasing the size of ovarian follicles can sometimes require the intervention of a doctor. IUD can perforate (puncture) the uterine wall.
Interaction with drugs means:
If there is a long-term use of any drugs (eg antiepileptic drugs), you must inform your doctor.
Cautions:
The results of some recently completed research shows that women taking contraceptives containing only progestin, perhaps a slight increase in risk of venous thrombosis, but these results are statistically not confirmed. However, when the signs of venous thrombosis should be as fast as possible to see a doctor. Symptoms of venous or arterial thrombosis include: the emergence of unilateral leg pain and / or swelling, sudden onset of severe pain in the chest area, regardless of whether there is an irradiation of the left arm; suddenly an expression of respiratory failure, a sudden fit of coughing, unusual heavy prolonged headache, sudden partial or complete loss of vision, double vision syndrome, fuzzy or speech difficulties, dizziness, collapse (sometimes with seizures), feeling of weakness or severe sensory loss, suddenly emerged from one side or one part of the body , movement disorders, sharp abdominal pain.
The signs of blockage of the vessel thrombus eyes are unexplained partial or complete loss of vision and other abnormalities neobyasnimyevnezapno caused it. So far, no reliable established, whether connected varicose veins or superficial thrombophlebitis (inflammation of a vein with clot formation) and formation in the veins of blood clots. MIRENA should be used with caution in women in the presence of congenital or acquired heart defects associated with increased risk of infectious inflammation of the heart muscle. Therefore patients should pursue a course of preventive antibiotic therapy when installing or removing the helix-Mirena. Women with diabetes and using the IUD, you should regularly monitor blood glucose levels.
Use in nulliparous women:
Mirena IUD is not the preferred tool for young women who have never been pregnant and postmenopausal women, when there is an age reduction in the size of the uterus.
Risks of infection:
Tube Explorer helps protect against contamination by microorganisms Navy during insertion into the uterus, and the construction of the conductor MIRENA performed so as to minimize the risk of infection. Despite this, the risk of pelvic infection immediately after the introduction of the spiral in the womb and during the next four months is increased. Pelvic infections in patients who use intrauterine system, often related to STDs (sexually transmitted diseases through). The risk of infection increases if the woman or her partner has other sexual partners. In the diagnosis of pelvic infection and treatment should be undertaken immediately. These infections can lead to complications such as impaired ability to bear children in the future to increase the likelihood of ectopic pregnancy.
In the case of recurrent pelvic infections or infections in the acute form, resistant to treatment within a few days, the spiral must be removed. When the constant pain in your lower abdomen, fever, pain in intercourse or unusual bleeding, an urgent need to consult a doctor.
Expulsion (expulsion intrauterine system):
Muscle contractions of the uterus that occurs during menstruation may lead to a shift in intrauterine system or even to expulsion her. Possible featured that include pain and bleeding, unusual for the patient. In the case of displacement of the IUD Mirena, the uterus, its effectiveness may be compromised. It is recommended to regularly check the threads with your fingers, for example, when bathing in the tub or taking a shower. If you showed signs of displacement or expulsion of an intrauterine system or you can not find the thread, you should avoid sexual intercourse or use other methods of contraception in addition, and as soon as possible consult with a physician. Usually IUD leads to reduce the intensity of menstrual bleeding, so the increase in intensity may be indirect evidence of the ejection system.
Perforation:
In very rare cases, during the introduction into the uterus, the spiral can infiltrate its wall (penetration) or pierce it through (perforation, or rupture). Intrauterine system has gone beyond the limits of the uterus, does not protect against pregnancy and should be removed as soon as possible.
An ectopic pregnancy occurs when the system is extremely rare. If there are signs of pregnancy during the use of MIRENA possibly the fetus is outside the uterus (ectopic pregnancy). Ectopic pregnancy – a serious pathological condition that requires immediate intervention of a doctor. On a probable ectopic pregnancy and the consequent need to address immediately on this matter to the doctor, may indirectly indicate the following symptoms.
• The disappearance of menstrual cycles, followed by the appearance of continuous bleeding or pain.
• Wandering or very severe pain in the lower abdomen.
• Signs of normal pregnancy, but in combination with constant bleeding and a feeling of vertigo.
Some women in the first period after the introduction of MIRENA feel a sense of vertigo. This is a normal physiological response of the body. Doctors advise women for some time to rest after IUD insertion.
Increasing the size of ovarian follicles:
Since the contraceptive effect of Mirena coil, mainly due to its local effect in women of childbearing age while maintaining ovulatory cycle with rupture of the follicle. Sometimes degeneration of the follicle is delayed and its development can continue. In most cases, these conditions are asymptomatic, although they are sometimes accompanied by pain in the pelvic region particularly during sexual intercourse. Enlarged follicles rarely require medical attention and usually disappear on their own.
When do I need to consult with physician. Regular check-ups:
The physician must conduct the first examination after 1-4 months after installation of an intrauterine system, further regular medical examinations should be conducted at least once a year.
Required to immediately consult a doctor if:
• Do not feel the threads in the vagina.
• Can not find the lower end of the system.
• It is assumed that there was pregnancy
• There is a constant abdominal pain, fever, or unusual states of vaginal discharge.
• There is a feeling of pain during sexual intercourse.
• There was a sudden change in the nature of the menstrual cycle (for example, if the earlier periods were scarce or absent altogether, and then came the constant bleeding or pain, or profuse menstruation became abnormally).
• Having other health problems, such as headache types of migraine or severe headache recurrent, sudden vision dysfunction, jaundice or an increase in blood pressure.
Pregnancy:
Pregnancy in women with established system Mirena – a very exclusive event. But in case the Navy from the uterine cavity, it can no longer protect against pregnancy as the dose of the hormone released by the system is not sufficient to affect the endometrium inside the uterus, where it now can get only in trace amounts and have to use other forms of contraception, still unclear situation with your doctor. During the period of use of Mirena IUD in some patients missing menstrual cycle. His absence is not a sign of pregnancy. If the absence of menstruation is accompanied by other signs of pregnancy (nausea, fatigue, hanged, breast tenderness), we need to see a doctor for examination and testing for pregnancy. If, however, during use of the Mirena become pregnant, the spiral must be removed as soon as possible. If Mirena IUD-left in the uterus during pregnancy are more likely infected with a miscarriage or premature birth. We can discuss with the doctor in this case, the usefulness of induced abortion. The need for this may be due to the fact that the hormone contained in Mirren, is released into the uterine cavity where the fetus. This means that the fetus is exposed to relatively high local concentrations of the hormone, although the blood and the placenta, this hormone is practically a fetus is not received (as opposed to situatsiis of oral hormonal contraceptives). At present, the negative effect of such quantities of the hormone on the fetus has not been studied as cases of pregnancy in women with established Mirren in the uterus are very rare. None to date as evidence of the presence of birth defects in children caused by the use of funds in cases where pregnancy was maintained and passed childbirth.
Breastfeeding:
Breast-feed while using Mirena coil can be. Levonorgestrel has been detected in breast milk of nursing women in trace amounts. No negative effects on child growth and development through the use of six weeks after delivery of any progestogen-only contraceptive method was not revealed. Monogestagennye methods do not affect the amount and quality of maternal breast milk.
How often should check MIRENA (Regular check-ups):
To double-check the status of the Navy during the first year: usually after 1-4 months after installation and at the end of the year from the date of installation. In the future state of the Navy to monitor annually, unless the doctor did not give the other recommendations.
What to do if you want to become pregnant or you want to remove MIRENA for other reasons?
A doctor can easily remove an intrauterine system at any time, after which pregnancy becomes possible. As a rule of removal is painless. After removal of the IUD-MIRENA fertility is restored. When pregnancy is not desired, the coil must be removed no later than the fifth day of the menstrual cycle. If Mirena is removed later than the fifth day of the cycle, you should use a barrier method of contraception (eg condoms) for at least five days prior to its removal. If the application MIRENA menses absent for five days to remove intrauterine system should begin to use barrier contraceptive methods and their application to continue until menstruation does not resume. You can also install the new system immediately after the removal of the previous, in which case no further action to prevent pregnancy is not required.
How long can Mirena:
Mirena IUD protects against pregnancy for five years, after which it must be removed. When your desire to install a new MIRENA after removing the old one.
Restoration of fertility (Can you get pregnant after you stop using IUDs)
Yes you can. After the IUD is removed, it ceases to have effect on your normal genital function.
Influence of the menstrual cycle (Can Mirena affect your menstrual cycle)
Mirena affect the menstrual cycle. By its action of menstruation may change and acquire the character of spotting and become longer in duration or shorter, to proceed with a more abundant or more scarce than usual, bleeds, or even stop. In the first 3-6 months after installation, many women have, in addition to their normal menses, chastye bloody spotting or scanty bleeding. In some cases, this period had very heavy or prolonged bleeding. If you find yourself in these symptoms, especially if they do not go away, tell your doctor. Most likely, that the application of MIRENA every month the number of bleeding days and amount of lost blood will gradually decrease. Some women eventually find that their periods stopped completely. Since the amount of blood lost with menstruation, the use of MIRENA, usually reduced, most women have elevated levels of hemoglobin in the blood. After removal of the menstrual cycle to normal.
The absence of menstruation (Is it normal to not have menses)
Yes, if you use MIRENA. If after installation you will have noted the disappearance of the Navy of menstruation, is due to the influence of hormone on the lining of the uterus. Monthly thickening of the inner membrane does not occur, hence there is nothing out of the uterus as a menstrual period. This does not necessarily mean that you have reached menopause or that you are pregnant. Blood levels of your own hormones remain normal. In fact, the absence of menstruation can be a great benefit to women’s health.
How can you know they are pregnant
Pregnancy in women using MIRENA, even if they do not have your period, it is extremely unlikely. If you do not menstruate for six weeks and you’re worried about it, do a pregnancy test. In the case of a negative result to carry out further tests unnecessary, unless you have no other symptoms of pregnancy such as nausea, tiredness or breast tenderness.
Can Mirena cause pain or discomfort:
Some women experience pain (menstrual cramps resembling) in the first two or three weeks after the installation of an intrauterine system. If you feel pain or if pain persists for more than three weeks after the installation, contact your doctor or the hospital where you installed the system.
Does the Mirena for sex
Neither you nor your partner should not feel intrauterine system during sexual intercourse. Otherwise, the relations should be avoided as long as your doctor to make sure that the system is in proper position.
How much time must elapse between the IUD and having sexual intercourse
It is best to allow your body to relax, to refrain from sexual intercourse during the days after introduction into the uterus the IUD. However, the contraceptive effect of Mirena has since installation.
Can I use tampons
It is recommended to use sanitary pads. If you use tampons, change them to be very careful not to pull the threads of MIRENA.
What happens if the helix spontaneously released from the uterus
Very rarely during menstruation may occur MIRENA pushing outward. Unusual increase in blood loss during menstruation may indicate that the Mirena has fallen through the vagina. It is also possible partial withdrawal IUD from the uterus into the vagina (you and your partner may notice it during intercourse). At full or partial withdrawal from the uterus MIRENA its contraceptive effect is immediately terminated.
By what signs can be seen that Mirena is in place
You can check yourself, whether on-site MIRENA thread after you have ceased menstruating. After the end of menstruation cautiously enter the finger into the vagina and feel for the threads at its end, near the entrance to the womb (cervix). You should not pull the threads, because you can accidentally pull the coil out of the uterus. If you can not find the thread, contact your doctor.Holidays from pharmacies.
